Law is a career stream that candidates pursue at undergraduate (UG), postgraduate (PG) or doctorate (PhD) level for practicing as the legal profession in India. Law as a career is very popular among students in India. The popularity of this stream can be judged from the fact that famous people like Mahatma Gandhi and many reported persons were lawyers.
Scope of law as a career is very popular & important in India. These days, law graduates do not just opt to get dressed in black and white apparels and head to court but also make their presence felt in corporate houses, law firms, law agencies, administrative services and the like. A career in law requires a lot of hard work and long working hours. The specializations in law are either criminal or civil. Nowadays other branches are also gaining popularity such as cyber law, patent law as well as corporate law according to the situation in the society.
To make a career in law at the UG level, students can pursue five-year duration integrated LLB courses such as BA LLB, BBA LLB, B.Sc. LLB or B.Com LLB. Candidates can also opt to pursue a three year LLB course after completing their graduation. Apart from this, candidates who wish to study further can obtain a master’s degree (LLM) followed by a doctoral degree (PhD).
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Law colleges across India have a different selection process and eligibility criteria for admissions at UG and PG levels. The basic eligibility criteria that candidates need to fulfill to secure admission in law courses offered at UG and PG levels:
Candidates are eligible to secure admission in UG law courses if they have cleared Higher Secondary School/Intermediate (10+2) or its equivalent exam from a recognized board with not less than 45% marks in aggregate.
For admission in LLB (3 years) course, students need to be graduates from a recognized university. Also, for admission in LLM course candidates need to possess an LLB or equivalent degree from a recognized university.
Another than Qualification the Students have also having the SKILLS which mentioned below:
| 1 | Ability to argue on a topic | Strong command over the language |
| 2 | Interest in detail | Ability to assimilate as well as analysis facts |
| 3 | Fluency and clarity of speech | Good presentation skills |
| 4 | Confidence | Unbiased |
| 5 | Mental and physical stamina | Interest in research |
Law admissions in India are done on the basis of entrance exams. Most of the law entrance exams conducted for admission in UG level law courses evaluate candidates on the basis of their aptitude/ knowledge on subjects such as General Knowledge, English, Mathematics (Numerical Ability), Logical Reasoning and Legal Aptitude. On the other hand, popular law exams for PG level law courses comprise questions from subject areas such as Constitutional Law, Jurisprudence and other law subjects (Contract, Torts, Criminal Law, International Law, Environment Law and Human Rights Law, etc).
| 1 | Common Law Admission Test (CLAT) | All India Law Entrance Test (AILET) |
| 2 | Law School Admission Test – India (LSAT India) | Delhi University LLB Entrance Exam (DU LLB Entrance Exam) |
Candidates can pursue degree, diploma as well as certificate law courses at UG, PG and PhD levels.
Degree law courses: Candidates can obtain either an integrated law degree (such as BA LLB, BBA LLB, B.Sc. LLB, B.Com LLB etc) after clearing Class 12th or a normal LLB degree after clearing graduation. The duration of an integrated LLB degree is usually five years and a normal LLB degree is three years.
Diploma law courses: Candidates can pursue diploma courses at both UG and PG levels. The duration of diploma or PG diploma law courses usually ranges from one to three years.
Certificate law courses: Certificate law courses are of short-term programmers whose duration ranges from two weeks to six months.
Law courses in India are offered various specializations. The popular law specializations that candidates can choose for making their career in:
| 1 | Civil Law | Criminal Law |
| 2 | Cyber Law | Business Law |
| 3 | Corporate Law | Tax Law |
| 4 | Constitutional Law | Labor & Employment Law |
| 5 | Real Estate Law | Competition Law |
| 6 | Media Law | Banking Law |
| 7 | Intellectual Property Law | Environmental Law |
| 8 | International Law | Mergers and Acquisition Law |
Becoming a lawyer is not the only job profile one can pursue after completing their law courses and starting their job profile as lawyers:
| 1 | Lawyer | In this job profile aspirants are also sometimes referred to as advocates. A lawyer mostly represents one of the parties/ clients in a trial at court. As part of this job profile, one needs to cross examine witnesses and then list reasons/ facts around why the court should give the judgment in favor of their clients. |
| 2 | Legal Advisors | In this job profile, one is expected to counsel clients on legal rights and obligations. Legal advisors mostly research laws applicable to a particular case and thereafter go through previous judgments passed in cases similar to the one their client is currently facing and thereafter help them in listing out how they can defend themselves. |
| 3 | Judges | As a Judge one has to ensure that justice is administered and legal rights of all the involved parties are safeguarded. A Judge presides over trials/hearings wherein s/he has to listen to the case presented by lawyers. |
| 4 | Solicitors | Solicitors give legal advice and represent their client in legal matters. Solicitors mostly work for firms which take up cases related to their area of work. |
| 5 | Legal Executives | People opting to work for such a job profile typically advise their employers on legal matters. They also work on litigation cases for their firm. They also perform administrative functions along with handling in-house legal problems such as checking deeds, issuing writs, collecting information for affidavits as well as draft legal documents. Legal executives also represent their business house when they discuss legal issues with other firms. |
| 6 | Notary Public | Notaries are appointed by the central government for the whole or specific part of the country. The various State governments also appoint notaries who work for the whole or a specific part of the state. Any person who has been practicing Law (as a lawyer) for a minimum ten years is eligible to apply for a notary post. As per the Notaries Act 1952, the function of a Notary is as follows:
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| 7 | Oath Commissioners | Anyone who works under this job profile is authorized to verify affidavits. An Oath Commissioner is appointed by the Chief Justice and is usually (though not always) a solicitor. The functions of an Oath Commissioner are as follows:
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